★英作文対策★【解答・解説】大学入試・英語英作文(グラフ・図）対策3
英作文（グラフ・図）予想問題
解答例
The graph shows the percentage of elderly people (aged 65 and above) in major countries in 2018. Japan has the highest proportion at 28.1%, followed by Italy (23.3%) and Germany (21.7%). In contrast, China has the lowest percentage at 11.2%, and the world average is 8.9%.
One possible reason for Japan's high aging population is its low birth rate and long life expectancy. Japan has one of the world's longest life expectancies due to advanced healthcare and a healthy diet. Meanwhile, the low birth rate results in a shrinking younger population, increasing the proportion of elderly people.
On the other hand, China and other developing countries have a lower percentage of elderly people due to higher birth rates and lower life expectancy in the past. However, as these countries develop economically, their aging populations are expected to increase in the future.
Thus, aging societies are becoming a global issue, and governments must find ways to support the elderly while maintaining economic growth.
(150 words)
解説
語彙・表現
percentage of elderly people（高齢者の割合）→ グラフの主題を適切に表現
life expectancy（平均寿命）→ 高齢者の増加の要因を説明
birth rate（出生率）→ 人口構成の変化を説明
shrinking younger population（若年層の減少）→ 高齢者の割合が増える背景を説明
developing countries（発展途上国）→ 対比として登場
文法・構造
比較級と最上級
Japan has the highest proportion...（日本が最も高い割合）
China has the lowest percentage...（中国が最も低い割合）
原因・結果の表現
One possible reason for Japan's high aging population is...（日本の高齢化の一因は…）
This results in...（これにより…という結果になる）
未来の予測
are expected to increase in the future（将来増加すると予想される）
論理構成
データの説明（グラフの内容を要約）
日本の高齢化の原因（低出生率 & 高寿命）
他国との比較（中国・発展途上国）
将来の展望 & 課題（今後の問題提起）
英作文は配点が高く、実は得点しやすい！今からでも得点源にしよう！